Korean Society Research Articles

Perception of Prospective Korean Language Teachers on the Multicultural Phenomenon in Korean Society

The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of prospective Korean language teachers on the multicultural phenomenon in Korean society. For this purpose, written interview data of 30 prospective Korean teachers were collected and analyzed. Written interview data were analyzed using Nvivo12. The contents of the analysis could be categorized into first, the concept of multiculturalism, second, problems of multicultural phenomena, third, perception of multicultural phenomena, and fourth, tasks to be addressed in the future. Multicultural society reveals a complex and multi-layered conflict structure in which internal conflict elements of society coexist with the increase in various minority migrants from the external environment. Therefore, in order for a multicultural society to pursue and realize the value of integration, it must be able to control and resolve newly arising conflict factors in a constantly changing environment. In recent years, the word multicultural has become common in Korean society, and Koreans, are living daily with various immigrants. Therefore, to understand the multicultural phenomenon in Korean society, it is necessary to collect and analyze the opinions of a variety of classes. This study will help Korean society move toward a healthy multicultural society.

A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of group art therapy for children and adolescents of multicultural families: A focus on Korea

Various policies and support have been implemented to help children and adolescents from multicultural families in Korea to psychologically and socially adapt to society and to improve their quality of life as members of Korean society. In this regard, group art therapy has been widely used and numerous studies have demonstrated its effectiveness. Accordingly, this study investigated the effectiveness of group art therapy in children and adolescents from multicultural families and individual research results were aggregated and analyzed to use as a scientific foundation. A total of eight databases based on English or Korean (Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, PubMed, Google Scholar, RISS, National Library of Korea, and National Assembly Library) were utilized to retrieve all research articles published by August 2022. The final 20 research articles were selected through a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) 2.0 was utilized to analyze the effect size, possible causes of heterogeneity were explored, and publication bias was identified. As a major result, the total effect size was proven to be significantly large (Hedges’ g = 1.81). Furthermore, the largest effect size among the dependent variables was found in the negative domain of psychology/emotion corresponding to emotional and behavioral problems, acculturative stress, and bicultural stress (Hedges’ g = 2.55), followed by the static domain of psychology/emotion (2.29), sociality (1.93), and ego (1.83).

영유아 학부모 “교육열” 형성에 대한 질적 사례연구: “인스타그램” 중심 “책육아” 현상에 대한 행위자-네트워크 분석

This study is a qualitative case study to understand how the “education fever” of parents of infants and toddlers is formed, focusing on the actor-network of the “parenting through books” phenomenon centered on “Instagram.” First, this study presents the meaning of “parenting through books” commonly used among parents, and then, outlines the actor-network of “parenting through books” centered on “Instagram” by dividing it into two series according to the movement of objects, including “books (or images of books),” which are “immutable mobiles.” Next, this study describes the actions of three key actors: parents of infants and toddlers, a parenting influencer called “OO’s Mom raising her children through books”, and the ‘technology’ called “Instagram.” Finally, this study argues that as a result of the actor-network of “parenting through books” centered on “Instagram”, parents of infants and toddlers are engulfed in “education fever as a sense of lack and a pursuit of desire related to their children’s education” and “education fever as a will to own and place objects necessary for educating children.” This study presents “parenting through books” centered on “Instagram” as one of the new social and cultural phenomena that reveal the formation of “education fever” among parents in Korean society. In addition, this study questions the ‘extra-educational’ aspects and the appropriation of professionalism that are implicitly assumed in the practice and orientation of parents’ “education fever.” It also raises questions about what new ‘translations’ will be possible and what new actors’ intervention will be needed to create a better educational culture in Korean society.

청소년소설과 젠더 -한국 청소년문학상 수상작을 중심으로-

This study focuses on the ways in which Korean society's gender norms are reinterpreted by the winners of the Young Adult Literature Awards. First, I examined how the gendered family system in Korean society has been transformed and reconfigured, and how it affects the youth identity. Families in the Young Adult Fiction do not conform to conventional models of normal families and gender role norms. However, I critically examined the direction of family narratives by pointing out that the newly transformed familism limits the imagination of Young Adult Fiction. Next, I examined the representation of adolescent sexuality as a consistent practice. Male adolescents were often portrayed as the protagonists of events, which is problematic from a gender-sensitive perspective, and female adolescent sexuality had largely been addressed in the realm of pregnancy, abortion, and childbirth. However, I expect to see more narratives exploring female sexual self-determination in a new light. Finally, I highlighted issues of queer identity that are not captured by the gender binary. The winners of the Young Adult Literature Prize tend to deal with queer identity issues in friendships, and the recent winners have portrayed queer issues in new ways and formats through a combination of family, travel narratives, and romance narratives. Unlike in the past, when queer people were categorically excluded, minority issues have recently been addressed in terms of human rights education; however, it remains to be seen whether this will generate meaningful reflections in the future.

The Rise and Decline of Korea-Chinese Grass Cloth Trade during the Japanese Colonial Period and its Impact on Korean Society

The Rise and Decline of Korea-Chinese Grass Cloth Trade during the Japanese Colonial Period and its Impact on Korean Society

심리상담 중 내담자의 점복 상담 경험을 들은 상담사의 경험에 대한 탐색적 연구

Objectives Research shows that so-called ‘fortune-telling’, such as tarot, fortune telling, and divine fortune counseling, has been popular in Korean society even before the introduction of psychological counseling. Korea has a unique cultural background where divination culture exists as a larger market than psychological counseling. During psychological counseling, we will explore the experiences of counselors who have heard about clients' fortune- telling experiences and provide basic data through this. Methods A survey was conducted on a total of 50 counselors who had heard about their experiences with divination counseling from clients during counseling. The collected response data were analyzed through an exploratory research method, an experienced survey method, and a modified consensus qualitative research method. The collection period of research data was from October to December 2021, and the collected data was analyzed. Results The counselor's view on why the client talks about his fortune-telling experience during psychological counseling, the counselor's reaction when the client talks about his fortune-telling experience during psychological counseling, the counselor's view on the pros and cons of the fortune-telling culture, and the counselor's view on the client's religion. The relationship between fortune-telling counseling, the differences between psychological counseling and fortune-telling counseling that counselors think of, the evaluation of satisfaction after the counselor listens to the client's fortune-telling counseling experience, things that a counselor should consider when counseling a client about their fortune-telling counseling experience, and applied counseling theory. and explored counseling theories that would be recommended to beginning counselors. Conclusions Based on the research results, basic data that counselors can refer to in counseling education and practice was presented.

AI시대 속의 다문화 가족이 처한 현실에 관한 논의

The purpose of this study is that in the AI era, now we are faced up that the multi-cultural families and their members are experiencing the realistic difficulties which was brought about by the multi-cultural phenomenon, so I would like to suggest that how can our society have receptive attitude for them and also suggest about care plan for them. Our reality is facing a national crisis of population decline and labor shortage. The world is changing at a very rapid pace, and technological civilization is becoming more advanced. However, the area where progress is particularly slow is in terms of immigrants settling into Korean society, learning the Korean language, and accepting to Korean culture, just like as soul-food. It is also time for us to pay attention to the physical, mental and psychological difficulties which the members of multi-cultural families are experiencing. It is time for us to need some concerns and cares about that quick change from unfamiliarity to familiarity within their family relationships, in adjusting in school life of their children, and in their living environment. Counseling and therapeutic approaches to these people should also be implemented in parallel with Korean language education and cultural adaption education. It is also necessary to refine laws and systems. We must recognize that these people are also members of our society, and we need to put our heads together for the wisdom.

팬덤의 시대, 대중문화에서 정치까지

This study examines the attitudes and strategies of the generation that internalized fandom culture and practices during their adolescence in the 2000s to engage with Korean society as a whole. This research was conducted by analyzing prior research on how fandom works and its significance, as well as attempts to change the discourse. Fandom, which had been dismissed as star-obsessed individuals began to be recognized as an organized consumption entity and subcultural groups that combined and created various cultural significances since the mid-1990s. This made academics take interested in fandom. Once defined as a form of adolescent peer culture or popular culture consumption, fandom gradually evolved into a life-course practice. Studies have revealed that the fandom experience of creating and maintaining communal relationships through subcultural practices, challenging, and conquering existing power and authority, plays an important role in members’ lives. For them, fandom is a long-term and important reference point for identity and value. When the generation that has become adult with internalized fandom culture demands changes in across political, social, cultural, and economic domains, taking fandom’s way is a natural strategy and outcome.

판타지 학원물에 나타난 ‘청소년 능력주의’ 연구 –2020년대 한국 OTT 오리지널 드라마를 중심으로-

This paper analyzes fantasy school dramas among the original Korean OTT dramas in the 2020s that deal with adolescents' entrance exams, competition, survival, and struggles. Exploring the “youth meritocracy” in these dramas. Originally, the meritocracy was considered the opposite of aristocracy, affirming that intelligence and hard work are the forces that create class mobility. However, over time, it has transformed into a meritocracy based on education and exams. Especially in Korea, it reinforces the obsession with prestigious universities and eventually becomes a way to justify endless competition and winner-takes-all thinking. However, in fantasy school dramas, young people don't just accept the distorted meritocracy as it is; they shape their own lives by exhibiting a variety of attitudes toward the meritocracy in schools which have become battlegrounds for life and death. Chapter 2 examines "High Cookie" a film about high school seniors at a prestigious school who are willing to use drugs to get to the top of the class, while Chapter 3 analyzes "After-School War Activities" a film about high school students who join the military as student soldiers to earn extra credit for the SAT and their unstable inner lives. Chapter 4 examines "All of Are Dead" explores the implications of teenagers choosing cooperation and solidarity over competition, albeit temporarily, in a zombie apocalypse. Chapter 5 focuses on the drama "Superior Shaman Gadusim" to examine the self-affirmation of adolescents who voluntarily sacrifice themselves to save their friends. In doing so, I argue that these dramas expose the absurdity of Korean society and youth meritocracy, but also reveal that they talk about the values that we need to recover beyond meritocracy, such as self-affirmation, friendship and love, cooperation and solidarity.

Obstetricians’ Utilization of Risk Factors for High-Risk Pregnancy to Predict Complicated Pregnancies: How Are Obstetricians Using Risk Factors for High-Risk Pregnancy?

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze how obstetricians use risk factors for high-risk pregnancies to predict complicated pregnancies.Methods: Twenty-four obstetricians were surveyed using a questionnaire that included 75 high-risk pregnancy factors identified by the Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. These factors are used to predict 11 types of complicated pregnancies: preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of membranes, incompetent internal os of the cervix, placenta previa, placenta abruptio, postpartum hemorrhage, preeclampsia/eclampsia, oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios, gestational diabetes mellitus, and intrauterine growth restriction.Results: Obstetricians utilized 65 of the 75 identified high-risk factors to predict 11 types of pregnancy complications. They identified twin pregnancy as the most significant risk factor, followed by chronic hypertension, a history of preterm birth, pregestational diabetes mellitus, advanced maternal age over 40, and a history of preeclampsia and eclampsia. Twin pregnancies were associated with all 11 complicated pregnancies. Ten of the 75 risk factors were not used for predicting complications.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that obstetricians recognized twin pregnancy as a strong risk factor associated with complications of pregnancy. Based on the results of this paper, we expect prediction models for complicated pregnancies to be developed in the future.

O Chang-gun’s Toenail and the Canonization of Korean Theater Since South Korean Society’s Democratic Transition

O Chang-gun’s Toenail and the Canonization of Korean Theater Since South Korean Society’s Democratic Transition

Factors influencing children's emotional and behavioral problems perceived by North Korean refugee mothers: a descriptive study.

The study investigated the relationships between key variables, including the level of parenting knowledge, acculturative stress, depression, and the strengths and difficulties associated with their children's emotions and behavior, among North Korean refugee mothers who faced the challenging task of adapting to Korean society while raising their children. A descriptive study design was used. Data were collected from 130 North Korean refugee mothers between September and November 2023. The participants had very limited parenting knowledge, and 82.3% of them scored 21 or higher on the depression scale used in community epidemiological studies. Higher levels of parenting knowledge and lower levels of depression were associated with lower levels of acculturative stress. Moreover, higher levels of depression were associated with more emotional and behavioral difficulties in children. Maternal depression, age, and employment status were identified as factors that influenced emotional and behavioral problems in preschool-aged children. These findings underscore the importance of providing parent education and mental health support programs for North Korean refugee families in order to improve parents' parenting skills and emotional well-being.

Practice guidelines for managing extrahepatic biliary tract cancers.

Reported incidence of extrahepatic bile duct cancer is higher in Asians than in Western populations. Korea, in particular, is one of the countries with the highest incidence rates of extrahepatic bile duct cancer in the world. Although research and innovative therapeutic modalities for extrahepatic bile duct cancer are emerging, clinical guidelines are currently unavailable in Korea. The Korean Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery in collaboration with related societies (Korean Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery Society, Korean Society of Abdominal Radiology, Korean Society of Medical Oncology, Korean Society of Radiation Oncology, Korean Society of Pathologists, and Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine) decided to establish clinical guideline for extrahepatic bile duct cancer in June 2021. Contents of the guidelines were developed through subgroup meetings for each key question and a preliminary draft was finalized through a Clinical Guidelines Committee workshop. In November 2021, the finalized draft was presented for public scrutiny during a formal hearing. The extrahepatic guideline committee believed that this guideline could be helpful in the treatment of patients.

Successful Aging of Korean Older Adults Engaging in Sports Regularly: Health Beliefs, Exercise Adherence Intention, and Health Promotion Behavior.

The population of older adults is increasing more rapidly in Korea than in any other country, making successful aging a salient need in Korean society. For successful aging, older adults must engage in sports activities regularly. This study determined the relationships among health beliefs, exercise adherence intention, health promotion behavior, and successful aging among older adults who engage in sports activities regularly. The participants were 287 adults aged 65 years or older who live in Korea and exercise regularly. Data were collected through a survey and analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling. The integrated model lacked explanatory power in terms of goodness of fit, but the alternative model had sufficient explanatory power. The alternative model showed that health beliefs, exercise adherence intention, and health promotion behavior are significantly related and that health promotion behavior positively predicts successful aging. It also showed that health beliefs affect successful aging through the mediation of exercise adherence intention and health promotion behavior. This study is meaningful because it verifies the structural and theoretical relationships among health beliefs, exercise adherence intention, health promotion behavior, and successful aging. As a result, it provides information that can improve the welfare of older adults in Korean society.

A Study on the Impact of the Combination of Income and Assets on Welfare Attitudes in Korean Society

A Study on the Impact of the Combination of Income and Assets on Welfare Attitudes in Korean Society

Welfare attitudes in Korean society: effects of cohort and social exclusion

Welfare attitudes in Korean society: effects of cohort and social exclusion

Challenges of Art Therapists Implementing Art Therapy for Achievement Gaps in Korean School

This collaborative autoethnography explores the experiences of two art therapists who designed and implemented art therapy programs for achievement gaps in schools in Korea. We gathered autoethnographic data and contextualized information within the socio-cultural and institutional framework of Korean society. Four discussion points emerged: (1) The inherent societal and cultural values of school art therapists and their impact in the therapy room, (2) The reconceptualization of the role of art therapy within the school, (3) The necessity for art therapists to demonstrate flexibility and creativity, (4) The recognition of establishing a support system for school-based art therapists. This experiential research provides a multifaceted understanding of art therapy within the Korean school context and offers practical insights based on our experiences.

South Korean Christian Communities Supporting Women in Need

Christianity does not have as long of a history as other monotheistic religions and traditional ideologies in Korea, but—especially from the end of the 19th century—its new concepts have had a huge impact on the basic thoughts of Korean society. This paper focuses on the effects of Christianity and the activity of Christian communities on women’s lives. According to my preliminary findings, in the late 1800s, the Christian missionaries and their newly formed communities offered opportunities for girls and women to get education, a profession, access to better health care, and learn self-care. After the complicated decades between 1910 and 1950, South Korea was experiencing remarkable changes, and Christians were an active part of this rebuilding, helping the lives of those who were struggling with poverty, lack of daily necessities, education, and health care. This paper aims to examine the thoughts and actions of Korean Christian communities towards decisions on childbirth, children out of wedlock, adoption, and single motherhood. This study investigates the approaches of South Korean Christian communities towards women related to the above-mentioned circumstances, focusing on the early examples and the last five to six decades. It is assumed that even though South Korea is now considered a modernized country, the government sometimes fails to cope with current problems, and traditional notions are still strong in familial matters. Therefore, not obeying conventional forms may cause social conflicts, or the decisions are hidden because of taboos and stigmas. This research is based on the publications of Christian communities and involves documentaries and case studies, including the baby box operation and adoption. This paper contributes to the expanding studies on Korean Christian communities, highlighting the social norms and their changes generated by new religious thoughts, while giving an insight into the daily struggles of Korean women’s lives when it comes to decision-making about their motherhood.

The effectiveness of a brief video-based intervention in reducing gender bias in Korea.

Gender bias deepens gender disparities by fueling gender conflicts. Thus, effective interventions for gender bias are necessary. Understanding gender discrimination experienced by another gender, both emotionally and logically, may contribute to reducing gender bias in Korean society. Hence, we conducted an online experiment using Video Interventions for Diversity in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (VIDS) to examine the effectiveness of shortened VIDS intervention through perspective taking in reducing gender bias. A sample of Korean adults aged 19-39 (n = 160, 61.8% women, 38.2% men) were recruited. In the treatment group, male participants watched VIDS videos that portrayed a woman getting gender prejudiced and female participants watched VIDS videos showing a man receiving gender biased treatment in the society. The videos presented to treatment group consisted of one narrative and one expert video from VIDS, which stimulate emotional and logical understanding of the another gender, respectively. Participants in the control group watched a control video that was irrelevant to gender bias. All participants then answered gender bias questionnaire, as well as cultural orientation questionnaire. Cultural orientation as a covariance, ANCOVA (Analysis of Covariance) revealed participants in the treatment group showed significantly lower gender bias than the control group. Within the treatment group, a moderation analysis showed that logical thinking moderated the relationship between emotional immersion and decreased gender bias, meaning stimulated logical thinking from watching the videos affected how engaging emotionally to the another gender's situation lowers gender bias. Our findings suggest that VIDS, a video-based gender bias intervention tool, can still be effective when edited briefly. Furthermore, one's perspective-taking strategy can be considered when trying to decrease gender bias through videos that promote perspective-taking. The findings highlight the possibility of utilizing short video intervention that enhances perspective taking on decreasing gender bias.

A multiplex network approach to the self-organizing bonding and bridging social capital fostered among local residents: A case study of community currency in Korea under the Hanbat LETS

A variety of community currency systems have been adopted, implemented, and terminated among the local communities of Korea over the last two decades. Despite its volatility due to the economic, social, and political environmental changes occurring in Korean society, the Hanbat local exchange trading system (LETS) is regarded as an innovative practice in grassroots community currency schemes based on trust and cooperation among local residents and plays a critical role in promoting community rebuilding and the formation of a sharing economy in this area. This study is aimed at empirically investigating the microprocesses underlying the formation of multiple types of social capital—bonding, bridging, and linking social capital—that were observed in the transactions among the Hanbat LETS members through inferential network analysis. The findings show that bonding and bridging social capital coexist in both a singular (or uniplex) type and in distinct (or multiplex) types of transactional tie developments among the participants through this community currency system. By examining the ways in which these multiple types of social capital are fostered through a bottom-up approach focused on a community currency system, the results of this study suggest the potential roles played by peer-to-peer support exchanges and the sharing economy in a local community.